Statements

<span><strong>Explanation of Vote by H.E. Jörundur Valtýsson,<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> Tenth Emergency Special Session (resumed) of the UN General Assembly&nbsp;<br /> 49th Plenary Meeting, 10 May 2024.&nbsp;<br /> Illegal Israeli actions in Occupied Jerusalem and the rest of the Occupied Arab Territory</strong><br /> </span> <div>&nbsp;</div> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><span>Mr. President,<br /> <br /> In 2011, Iceland and Palestine established full diplomatic relations after the Icelandic Parliament passed a resolution in support of recognizing the State of Palestine as a sovereign state. Since then, Iceland’s position on Palestinian statehood has been clear.<br /> <br /> Iceland has consistently called for a two-state solution, where both Israel and Palestine live side by side in peace and security and mutual recognition. Therefore, we support Palestine’s full membership of the United Nations and the call for the Security Council to reconsider the matter favorably. We also call on the Council to do more to live up to its mandate and address the Middle East Peace Process.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> This is why we voted in favor of today’s resolution.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Just as Iceland has consistently condemned Hamas’ past indiscriminate terrorist attacks, we condemned, in the strongest terms, the horrific attack on Israel on October 7th. We continue to call for the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages taken in this most fatal attack on Jews since the Holocaust.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> In 1947, Iceland’s first Permanent Representative to the United Nations was instrumental in passing Resolution 181, envisioning the formation of independent Arab and Jewish states. Subsequently, Iceland supported Israel’s admission to the UN in 1949.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> Ever since, Iceland has reiterated Israel’s clear right to defend itself, in line with the UN Charter and international law, including international humanitarian law.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> We also recognize the legitimate security concerns of Israel. Israel’s right to exist is beyond debate. We can never forget the horrors of the Holocaust, which led to the creation of the state of Israel, especially now as we face extreme increase in antisemitism.<br /> <br /> At the same time, we recognize the injustice of Israel’s illegal settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem and the blockade of Gaza – we once again call on Israel to put an end to this and take action to stop settler violence. Freedom of the media also needs to be respected.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,&nbsp;<br /> <br /> Ultimately, international law provides states with rights and obligations. Both are sacred. Iceland expects the two states, Israel and Palestine, to enjoy – and respect – both.<br /> <br /> In the past months, the world has witnessed hindered access for humanitarian aid, water, and power to Gaza. There have been reports of civilian infrastructure and hospitals being used for purposes that can deprive them of their protection under international humanitarian law. And, we have witnessed totally unacceptable losses of the lives of civilians – children, aid and health care workers, journalists and UNRWA staff. All of these constitute serious violations of international humanitarian law.<br /> <br /> The figures are shocking: after six months of war, over 35 thousand people have died in Gaza. More than 2 million civilians are desperately in need of life-saving aid. Civilian infrastructure is in ruins. And if Israel’s large-scale military campaign in Rafah materializes, the situation is bound to get even worse. We therefore urge Israel to halt its operations in Rafah.<br /> <br /> Iceland condemns all violations of international law, including international humanitarian law. Again, international law provides states with rights and obligations. Both are sacred.<br /> <br /> We must restore respect for international law, including humanitarian law, which binds all parties to armed conflicts and cannot be derogated from. The civilians in Gaza must be protected, in accordance with the legally binding orders issued by the International Court of Justice in the Hague. Security Council resolutions 2712 (2023), 2720 (2023) and 2748 (2024) must be implemented.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Mindful of how seemingly insurmountable grievances have been overcome during our lifetimes, there is hope for the two states to live side by side in peace.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> The people of Palestine and Israel deserve to live in peace and security, in prosperous and democratic societies. They deserve to live without fear of aggression or terrorist attacks.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> We therefore call on Israel and Hamas to urgently agree to and implement a sustained ceasefire and commend all efforts to try to bring an agreement to fruition.<br /> &nbsp;<br /> Today’s resolution will not immediately change the situation on the ground, but it recognizes that peace will not be achieved through unilateral means. It calls for more to be done and determines that there is no better path towards peace than the two-state solution.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> In this context, Mr. President, Palestine should qualify and be welcomed as the 194th UN Member State.<br /> <br /> I thank you.<br /> </span></p>

<span></span> <p class="paragraph" style="text-align: center;"><span><strong><span>Human Rights Council </span></strong></span>–<strong> 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 1: Annual high-level panel discussion on human rights mainstreaming</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Theme: Harnessing multilateral efforts to embed, amplify and realize the rights of persons with disabilities, with a focus on full and effective participation and inclusion in society</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Lithuania on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>26 February 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic States – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, and my own country, Lithuania.</p> <p>As we approach the five-year mark since the United Nations Disability Inclusion Strategy was set in motion, it is crucial to assess the progress and the challenges in its implementation. This Strategy provides a foundation for sustainable and transformative progress on disability inclusion across all UN pillars, it reaffirms that the realization of human rights of all persons with disabilities is an indivisible part of all human rights. </p> <p>We appreciate the Strategy's twin-track approach, which integrates disability-sensitive measures across all policies while also providing specific initiatives for the empowerment of persons with disabilities. Ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities is key to our commitment to equality in the Nordic-Baltic states. We focus on empowering them by improving disability assessment, enhancing their seamless integration into the open labour market, providing specific and targeted support and services. We seek to ensure that public information is easy to read and accessible to all, using sign language, Braille, and other alternative forms.</p> <p>The Nordic-Baltic States remain committed to further improving disability inclusion within the UN system and beyond, especially in the context of our shared commitments under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.</p> <p>Distinguished Panellists, how can we ensure that the multiple crises we are facing do not hinder the implementation of the Strategy? How can we leverage multilateralism to ensure persons with disabilities enjoy the full spectrum of human rights within the UN framework?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 2: Interactive dialogue on the report of the High Commissioner on the human rights situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the obligation to ensure accountability and justice</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Finland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>28 February 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I speak on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic States: Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden and my own country Finland.&nbsp; </p> <p>We thank the High Commissioner for his important reporting. We strongly support the independent work of his Office. </p> <p>The suffering of civilians in Gaza is horrific. There are no safe places. People lack the necessities to survive. This conflict severly traumatizes an entire generation on both sides, especially children. </p> <p>We condemn the brutal terrorist attacks by Hamas against civilians. Hamas must release all remaining hostages immediately and without any preconditions and stop the practice of using civilians as human shields. Israel has the right to defend itself in line with international law.</p> <p>For the sake of civilians in Gaza, we strongly echo the calls of the High Commissioner. We reiterate the importance of ensuring the protection of all civilians at all times in line with international humanitarian law and to respect the legally binding order of the International Court of Justice. We ask the Israeli Government not to take military action in Rafah that would worsen an already catastrophic humanitarian situation. </p> <p>The Nordic and Baltic States support all efforts for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire for life-saving aid to reach Gazans, accountability for violations by all parties and a credible and irreversible path towards a negotiated two-state solution. Both Israelis and Palestinians have the right to live in safety, dignity and peace. </p> <p>I thank you. </p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 2: Interactive Dialogue on the report of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Latvia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>29 February 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf on the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden and my own country Latvia. We thank the Group of Experts for the latest report on the human rights situation in Nicaragua.</p> <p>We remain gravely concerned about the continuous dismantling of the civic space and increasing and systematic human rights violations in Nicaragua, including attacks against human rights defenders, political and indigenous leaders, members of religious and academic institutions, journalists and other media workers for exercising their rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association.</p> <p>We are seriously concerned about the recent legislative reforms in Nicaragua that have led to the arbitrary removal of hundreds of justice system officials, the rise in arbitrary detentions and deprivation of the Nicaraguan nationality of hundreds of political opponents. </p> <p>We strongly urge the Nicaraguan authorities to resume cooperation with international and regional human rights mechanisms, including OHCHR, and to return to the rule of law and full respect of all human rights and fundamental freedoms. There can be no justice for Nicaraguans without full accountability for gross human rights violations and abuses in the country.</p> <p>Mr Simon, what steps can be taken to foster accountability for human rights violations in Nicaragua?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Afghanistan</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>29 February 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr President,</p> <p>The Nordic Baltic countries commend the Special Rapporteur for his resolute efforts for Human Rights in Afghanistan. Not only is documentation a prerequisite for accountability; it also serves as an important foundation for Member States as they raise human rights with the de facto authorities and interact with civil society.</p> <p>We condemn the severe restrictions on women and girls, which may amount to gender persecution. The restrictions serve to exclude them from work, education, healthcare, and to a large degree from public life. We admire the resilience of Afghan women and girls in the face of oppression.</p> <p>Furthermore, we are deeply troubled that the report documents that numerous human rights defenders, journalists and other media workers have been imprisoned in Afghanistan. And we remain concerned about the violation of the human rights of persons belonging to minorities.</p> <p>We urge the de facto authorities to continue their cooperation with the Special Rapporteur, including granting him full and unhindered access to the country.</p> <p>Special Rapporteur, how can the international community help to improve the situation for women and girls in Afghanistan, and make sure their voices are heard, both nationally and internationally?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 2: Interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner oral update on Myanmar</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>1 March 2024</strong></p> <p>High Commissioner,</p> <p>Thank you for this update.</p> <p>We, the Nordic-Baltic States, remain deeply disturbed by the worsening human rights situation in Myanmar.</p> <p>Increased violence and massive new internal displacement and refugee movements affect the civil population, including children, in devastating ways. We receive frequent reports of violations and abuses of human rights and international law. In Rakhine state, the resumed fighting worsens the already dire conditions of the vulnerable Rohingya population, for whom access to humanitarian assistance remains severely limited.</p> <p>We condemn in the strongest terms any indiscriminate use of force by the military.</p> <p>We call for an immediate end to all violence and abuses against civilians. We also call for the provision of full and unhindered humanitarian access, and an inclusive dialogue with the meaningful participation of all stakeholders, including ethnic and religious minorities. </p> <p>The UN must be enabled to coordinate and conduct humanitarian diplomacy, including on access. </p> <p>High Commissioner, in the current environment, what actions should external actors prioritize in the short and medium term to improve the human rights situation in Myanmar?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council </strong><strong>–</strong><strong> 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 2: Enhanced interactive dialogue on the report of the Commission of Human Rights on advancing the human rights in South Sudan</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>1 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honor of speaking on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries. We thank the Commission for its report and align ourselves with its conclusions. We also thank the Government of South Sudan for its continued co-operation with the Commission. </p> <p>Political violence and insecurity remain fundamental challenges to the human rights situation in South Sudan. Sexual and gender-based violence and abductions of women and children continue with impunity. We urge South Sudan to fulfill all its obligations according to international human rights law. </p> <p>The steps that must be taken to hold peaceful and credible elections in December 2024 are clear. Democratic space must be guaranteed. The Necessary Unified Forces must be fully deployed, and civilians protected. Electoral institutions must be operationalized and operate independently.&nbsp; </p> <p>The transitional government can demonstrate its alignment with values of democracy and human rights through transparent use of public revenue to fund public needs and protect its population from violence.</p> <p>Until the institutions of Chapter 5 of the Revitalized agreement are established, the Commission on Human Rights plays a vital and unique role in ensuring independent monitoring and investigation. Its mandate must be extended. We urge South Sudan’s continued cooperation with the Commission. </p> <p>Few steps have been taken towards developing functional justice processes and institutions in South Sudan. What is needed, in your opinion, to improve this situation?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 2: Enhanced Interactive dialogue on the report of the High Commissioner on the situation of human rights in the Sudan with assistance of designated Expert</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>1 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour of delivering this statement on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic Countries. </p> <p>We would like to commend the High Commissioner for the comprehensive report on the human rights situation in Sudan. We fully endorse the conclusions of the report. </p> <p>The conflict in Sudan is now in its 11th month and the human rights situation is of outmost concern. The reports of alleged violations and abuse committed by both parties to the armed conflict are deeply disturbing. </p> <p>We urge all parties to fulfil their obligations according to international humanitarian law and human rights law, including the protection of civilians. We encourage all parties to cooperate with the Expert and the Fact-Finding-Mission to conduct independent monitoring and investigation. </p> <p>The humanitarian situation in Sudan is catastrophic and risks deteriorating even further. The responsibility for the disastrous situation lays with the belligerents of this armed conflict. All parties must adhere to international humanitarian law and secure unhindered humanitarian access to all of Sudan. </p> <p>High Commissioner, the situation for human rights defenders is of great concern. How can they be supported so they can continue their human rights work?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 2: Annual report of HC for Human Rights and report of OHCHR and SG</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>General Debate on High Commissioner’s Oral Update</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Iceland</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>4 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>Iceland thanks the High Commissioner for his oral update.</p> <p>On Gaza, Iceland deplores the unacceptable death toll and the immense suffering inflicted on civilians. We call for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire to deliver life-saving assistance to the people of Gaza. At the same time, Hamas must immediately release all remaining hostages without conditions. Iceland continues to support all efforts towards a long term sustainable two-state solution, based on international law and mutual recognition. </p> <p>On Sudan, we fully condemn gross violations and abuses committed by the warring parties, which demand investigation and accountability. We call on all parties to agree to return to peace without delay. </p> <p>On Ethiopia, we reiterate our serious concern regarding alleged violations and abuses of human rights. Only a peaceful solution will bring a sustainable end to the conflict. Transitional justice and accountability through independent, transparent and impartial investigations must be ensured. </p> <p>On Myanmar, we fully condemn the military regime’s ongoing atrocities and human rights violations, such as sexual and gender-based violence, and the restriction of freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. We reiterate our call to the military to immediately cease violence against civilians, release all unjustly detained political prisoners and allow full humanitarian access.</p> <p>In closing, Iceland refers to Nordic-Baltic statements on the situation in Afghanistan, oPT, Nicaragua, Myanmar, Sudan and South-Sudan in respective Interactive Dialogues. </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur</strong> <strong>on the sale, sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Latvia on behalf of Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>5 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>We thank the Special Rapporteur for presenting her latest report and the valuable recommendations for States and other stakeholders on protecting children from sexual abuse and exploitation in the entertainment industry.&nbsp; </p> <p>We express great concern about increasing abuse of technologies and online space, thus jeopardizing children’s safety and privacy – a global emergency that requires an urgent efficient and coordinated response at national, regional and international levels. In this context, effective preventive and protective measures and access to justice and accountability are of utmost importance.</p> <p>The Nordic-Baltic countries remain strongly committed to a zero-tolerance policy for sexual abuse and exploitation of children, and recognize that children affected by conflict, violence and forced displacement are particularly vulnerable. We urge States to strengthen legal frameworks, and we call on all stakeholders to foster cooperation to prevent and address the harmful effects of children’s sexual abuse and exploitation and to provide support to child victims and survivors, and their families. </p> <p>Madam Special Rapporteur, what further steps could be taken to strengthen monitoring and reporting mechanisms at the international level to address sexual abuse and exploitation of children on social media and online entertainment platforms?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Finland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>5 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries. We thank the Special Rapporteur for his timely report on resettlement. </p> <p>The number of persons displaced around the world continues to grow due to disasters, conflict, climate change and other drivers. We agree on the need to acknowledge poor resettlement as a global human rights issue.</p> <p>Poorly executed resettlement can have long-lasting negative impacts on multiple generations. It often disproportionately affects women, minorities, Indigenous Peoples as well as persons in vulnerable situations, including persons with disabilities. Violations of the right to adequate housing affect the realization of other rights, including the rights to education, work and health.</p> <p>The Special Rapporteur demonstrates that human-rights based resettlement is a planned and voluntary process. Meaningful consultation with and participation of affected persons, from the outset, is key.</p> <p>We welcome the initiative to develop human-rights based guidelines on resettlement. Inclusive resettlement can facilitate political participation and self-determination and mitigate conflict. </p> <p>Distinguished Special Rapporteur, how can we better ensure that the human rights of Indigenous Peoples are protected in resettlement processes? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council - 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Denmark on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>6 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr President,</p> <p>I have the honour of delivering this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>We thank the Special Rapporteur for the comprehensive overview of the human rights framework on hatred based on religion or belief.</p> <p>In many parts of the world, including in our own countries people continue to experience hate and discrimination because of their opinion, or religion or belief. It is deeply concerning that religious or belief-based hatred often is facilitated and exacerbated through online platforms, which can rapidly escalate tensions.</p> <p>We must stand united in condemning all acts of hatred, discrimination or violence against individuals on the basis of religion or belief and in combatting hate, discrimination and violence while upholding the right to freedom of opinion and expression. More speech, not less, is the key means to address hate speech.</p> <p>Fortunately, as your report shows, we have a robust framework to combat hate speech and standards on the prohibition of advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility and violence. We recall our full commitment to these standards and to our collective efforts to promote them in countering hatred.</p> <p>Special Rapporteur, how can we best make use of existing tools to tackle online and offline expressions of religious hatred?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: </strong><strong>Interactive Dialogue&nbsp;with the Independent Expert on Albinism</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Denmark on behalf of Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>6 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We thank Mme Miti-Drummond for her report on the right to education for persons with albinism. </p> <p>The right to education is a fundamental human right for all. Persons with albinism must have equal access to education without discrimination, and they should be provided with reasonable accommodations in order to uphold their rights at all stages of lifelong learning. </p> <p>We welcome the Independent Expert’s call on States to counter barriers to the right to education without discrimination, including combatting stigma, discrimination and bullying. We acknowledge the importance of awareness raising about albinism, as well as promoting timely and reasonable accommodations for the specific needs of persons with albinism. Moreover, we recognise the important role of non-governmental stakeholders in advocating and developing best practices for learners with albinism. </p> <p>Mme Miti-Drummond, you note in your report that lack of understanding is the leading cause for the failure to ensure reasonable accommodations for learners with albinism. </p> <p>In your view, what concrete staps should States take to fill the gaps in the provision of reasonable accommodations?</p> <p>I thank you. </p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Iceland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>6 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Iceland.</p> <p>We thank the Special Rapporteur for his report titled “Business, planetary boundaries, and the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment” and a comprehensive list of recommendations for States. The Nordic-Baltic countries welcome your report which reiterates the pressing need for systemic and transformative changes to achieve a just and sustainable future, protect human rights from harm caused by businesses.</p> <p>Every alarm bell is ringing, alerting us on how humanity is exceeding planetary boundaries. Our well-being relies on a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment which is necessary for the full enjoyment of human rights, including the rights to life, health, food, water and sanitation. Moreover, we must safeguard our planet for future generations, recognizing that the adverse effects of climate change must be addressed in the context of human rights.</p> <p>Mr. Special Rapporteur, what measures should we take to enhance responsible business conduct, ensuring that human rights and environmental policies are integrated in business operations and in their supply chains?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Theme: How law enforcement officials can protect human rights in the context of peaceful protests</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Estonia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>6 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>We thank the Special Rapporteur for his dedicated work and the latest report containing the useful and practical Model Protocol for Law Enforcement Officials to Promote and Protect Human Rights in the Context of Peaceful Protests.&nbsp; </p> <p>We express our deep concern at the shrinking space for freedom of peaceful assembly. The right of peaceful assembly is a human right that states are not only obliged to respect and protect but also promote and facilitate. It is fundamental for enabling the full enjoyment and realization of the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. Law enforcement should in no circumstances hamper the right to peaceful assembly and association by imposing undue restrictions or interfering in peaceful assemblies. </p> <p>Mr. Special Rapporteur, we share your view and reprimand any use of digital technologies in the context of peaceful protests that does not enable the exercise of this right and is incompatible with international human rights law. Measures must be taken by states to ensure that domestic law enforcement fully follows the international human rights law and standards.</p> <p>The right of peaceful assembly and to peaceful protests, both online and offline, is essential for any society to thrive, and a priority for our states.</p> <p>Mr. Special Rapporteur, how can Member States and this Council contribute to the implementation of the recommendations in your report? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council 55^th Session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue on the report of Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Iceland on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic Countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>7 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. We thank the Rapporteur for an informative report and his work on this important topic.</p> <p>Climate change poses a severe threat to the marine ecosystem which has profound implications for human rights. We appreciate Mr. Fakhri’s focus on overfishing, the responsible management of marine resources and that States fulfil their human rights obligations despite the climate challenges facing the marine ecosystem.</p> <p>Sustainable management of fisheries is not a choice, but a fundamental prerequisite to the right to food. Overfishing and the depletion of fishing stocks needs to be addressed in a collective manner through international agreements, such as the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies. We need further targeted measures to realize the full potential of blue foods to help end malnutrition and build equitable and resilient food systems so we can fulfil the right to food for all. </p> <p>Special Rapporteur, in your view, what are the most prominent challenges that hinder efforts to minimize overfishing and promote a human-rights based approach in the global sustainable management of fisheries? Which measures are the most crucial for overcoming these barriers?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Denmark on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>7 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mdm Special Rapporteur,</p> <p>I have the honour of speaking on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We thank you for your tireless efforts in the fight against torture. As we celebrate the 40^th anniversary of the Convention, it is more important than ever to ensure a strong and sustained response to torture around the globe. </p> <p>All prisoners&nbsp; shall&nbsp; be&nbsp; treated&nbsp; with&nbsp; respect&nbsp; due&nbsp; to&nbsp; their&nbsp; inherent dignity as human beings. Unfortunately, around the world we see that prisoners, are particularly exposed to the risk of torture, including political prisoners and human rights defenders. We commend your efforts to shed light on the current issues and good practices relating to prison management worldwide.&nbsp; </p> <p>As you note in your report, internationally agreed standards for the protection of all persons deprived of liberty exist albeit having gaps and implementation issues. To name a few: the Bangkok Rules on women prisoners, the Havana Rules on juveniles, and the Nelson Mandela Rules, which are used in many countries as the “blueprint” for national prison rules and in others, as the only rules directly regulating the treatment of prisoners. </p> <p>Dr Edwards, in light of these standards’ recognition and their undeniable impact on prison management, what opportunities do you see for your recommendations to feed into a possible revision process of these instruments?</p> <p>I thank you. </p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Panel on countering religious hatred constituting incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Finland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>8 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf on the Nordic-Baltic countries Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden and my own country Finland.</p> <p>We strongly condemn any advocacy of national, racial, or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility, or violence and reject acts by individuals that only aim to provoke and divide our societies. </p> <p>Much effort has been put into reaching a common understanding on the interpretation of article 20 of ICCPR, and its relation to freedom of expression. The Rabat six-part threshold test provides a useful tool for guidance.</p> <p>We recall resolution 16/18 and the implementation of its eight action points. It provides a road map to address root causes to religious intolerance, through promoting the interrelated and mutually reinforcing rights to freedom of expression, freedom of religion or belief, and non-discrimination. </p> <p>We need to revitalize the Istanbul process and exchange best practices and experiences from the Faith for Rights initiative.&nbsp; </p> <p>We all need to work preventively to adopt and implement action plans and initiatives to counter national, racial, or religious hatred and to provide full protection of the rights of persons belonging to religious minorities in all countries.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p> <p>Broad coalition building and an open, constructive, and respectful dialogue is indispensable for progress.&nbsp; </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council ­– ­55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the UN Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Finland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>11 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honor to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic States – Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and my own country, Finland.</p> <p>We welcome the Special Rapporteur’s report on the achievements of the mandate over the last decade and her vision for its continuation.&nbsp; The previous mandate holders have promoted the participation of persons with disabilities in political and public life, and made them more visible in situations of armed conflict and humanitarian crises. All this has strengthened the rights-based approach to disability.</p> <p>Yet much remains to be done. Limited implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development particularly affects persons with disabilities. The promising start of the United Nations Disability Inclusion Strategy needs to be expanded. Persons with disabilities need to have a say on global challenges, such as climate change and digital transformation. We welcome the Special Rapporteur’s intention to focus on these themes and to consolidate the work already undertaken.</p> <p>Special Rapporteur, how can States best support you in your “push forward” for the full realization of the rights of persons with disabilities?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>12 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour of speaking on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic states. </p> <p>We welcome the report of the Special Rapporteur on the challenges and achievements of children and youth who defend human rights. </p> <p>Her findings, that young human rights defenders are met with deliberate efforts to hinder and sanction them for carrying out human rights work, are deeply concerning. Not least the gendered threats and reprisals faced by young women and girl human rights defenders, particularly those defending sexual and reproductive health and rights. As well as defenders advocating against discrimination of, and for equal rights for, LGBT+ persons. </p> <p>We echo the call on States in the report to encourage and protect peaceful activism and public participation by children and youth, as it is their right. The report is a reminder of the value of human rights education and the need for strengthening it. </p> <p>Madame Special Rapporteur, states must uphold their commitment to creating a safe and enabling environment for children and youth to stand up for human rights. </p> <p>What measures can the Human Rights Council take to further your recommendations to States and the UN? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Privacy</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Latvia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>12 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We thank the Special Rapporteur for presenting her latest report to the Council.</p> <p>Our countries attach great importance to the full respect and protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, including person’s rights to privacy and personal data protection, that should not be diminished by the rapid developments in the digital age. </p> <p>We concur with the Special Rapporteur that States’ direct positive role in and appropriate legal frameworks for the effective protection of the rights to personal data protection and privacy – the essential aspects of human dignity - are of utmost importance. Moreover, in light of growing use of information technologies and their possible adverse effects on the fundamental rights and freedoms, it is essential for States to establish appropriate and accessible administrative and judicial remedies for reparation and restitution for victims of violations of their rights. </p> <p>Madam Special Rapporteur, what further steps should be taken to foster human rights education in the area of personal data protection and privacy at the state level?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council 55^th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence Against Children – Najat Maalla M’jid</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Iceland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic Countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>12 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. We thank the Special Representative for her report and commend her for her unwavering commitment to address this grave issue. </p> <p>Every child has the right to be protected from violence, regardless of their circumstances. Escalating factors such as conflict, climate change and socioeconomic disparities render children increasingly vulnerable to violence and demand a firm response, both on the national and international levels. </p> <p>As violence against children in all its forms and settings continues to increase, the need to prevent and respond effectively to all forms of violence against children is more urgent now than ever. We in particular appreciate Dr. M’jid’s focus on the investment case for ending violence against children and her continued engagement to demonstrate the benefit of integrated approaches to tackle violence against children, highlighting the high returns on investment in proven cost-effective cross-sectoral services.&nbsp;&nbsp; </p> <p>Special Representative, given the alarming rise in violence against children globally, what specific measures should be prioritized to continue to push for concrete, integrated and sustainable solutions that leave no child behind? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>13 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour of speaking on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We thank the Special Representative for her report and valuable recommendations.</p> <p>We support her in encouraging the Human Rights Council to maintain the practice of including recommendations on the protection of children affected by armed conflict when considering or adopting resolutions on country-specific situations or thematic issues. The same applies for the Universal Periodic Review. Particular attention should be paid to the implementation of such recommendations. </p> <p>We also support her in encouraging the Council to continue to include references to child rights violations in its resolutions establishing or renewing the mandates of special procedures, commissions of inquiry, fact-finding missions, and investigations, and to foresee in those resolutions dedicated expertise on child rights. We encourage Member States on their side, to ensure that child protection resources and capacity are allocated in relevant budgetary provisions.</p> <p>Madam Special Representative, which concrete measures should be prioritized to ensure dedicated expertise on child rights and child protection in special procedures, commissions of inquiry, fact-finding missions, and investigations?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 3: Annual Full-Day meeting on the Rights of the Child</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Panel discussion 2: Child rights mainstreaming in the United Nations</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Lithuania on behalf of the Nordic Baltic States</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>14 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic states – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Lithuania.</p> <p>Every year we discuss most pertinent issues that children face around the world. These discussions are even more valuable when we make an effort to include child participants and take their opinions into account. </p> <p>The international community has an obligation to provide a safe and prosperous future for the next generation. The only way forward is for the United Nations system and states to effectively implement policy framework on strengthening a child rights-based approach.</p> <p>We believe that investment in child rights expertise, capacity building programs, and human rights education are crucial elements for child’s development and overall advancement of human rights and freedoms. </p> <p>Children are not just dependent on adults - they are active members of society, often taking a role as human rights defenders, and their voices, ideas and participation in public life and decision-making are just as important as those of adults.</p> <p>However, children often face great personal risk, repressions and legal, administrative and practical barriers to participate in civic activities. It is an alarming trend that all of us should take into account.</p> <p>Dear Panelists, in your view, how can states more efficiently accelerate implementation of child rights-based approach among international organizations?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the Islamic Republic of Iran</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Finland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic Countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>15 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries. We thank the Special Rapporteur for his valuable report and his longstanding commitment to the people of Iran.</p> <p>Systemic discrimination against women and girls in the Islamic Republic of Iran intensifies. We are profoundly concerned by the pending bill imposing even stricter punishments for defying compulsory veiling laws. Meanwhile, women are continuously persecuted and physically assaulted. Reports of the use of sexual and gender-based violence to suppress dissent are shocking.&nbsp; </p> <p>Like the Special Rapporteur, we are deeply alarmed by the sharp spike in executions and violations of due process. Iran must impose an immediate moratorium on executions and pursue a consistent policy towards the abolition of the death penalty.</p> <p>Crackdown on civic space persists, affecting human rights defenders, persons belonging to ethnic and religious minorities, civil society organisations, journalists and lawyers, among others. Authorities continue to shut down avenues of freedom of expression, online and offline.&nbsp; We urge Iran to cease harassment of human rights defenders and to release all unjustly or arbitrarily detained, including foreign citizens and dual nationals.</p> <p>Finally, we urge the Iranian authorities to fully cooperate with the Council’s mechanisms.</p> <p>Distinguished Special Rapporteur, how can we better support civil society in Iran?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Fact-Finding mission on Islamic Republic of Iran</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Estonia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>18 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, Madam Chair,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic states.</p> <p>We thank the Fact-Finding mission for the report and express our strong support to the renewal of its mandate.</p> <p>The report indicates widespread repressions following the 2022 protests, which particularly impacted women and girls and members of ethnic and religious minorities. We are deeply concerned about the many serious human rights violations outlined in the report, including murder, imprisonment, torture, rape and other forms of sexual violence, persecution and enforced disappearance.&nbsp; The report states that many of the serious human rights violations that have been committed against women and girls may amount to the crime against humanity of gender persecution.</p> <p>We are also deeply concerned about the unprecedented spike in executions. We oppose the use of the death penalty under all circumstances, including as a means to spread fear throughout society and chill dissent in the wake of the peaceful protests.</p> <p>It seems clear from the report that use of lethal force and other illegal means by the security forces against protesters, including sexual and gender-based violence, is facilitated by an environment of sustained and systematic impunity for gross violations of human rights and an absence of accountability. </p> <p>We admire, support and stand in solidarity with the people of Iran, particularly survivors and families of victims seeking justice, as well as women and girls, who show immense resilience and speak up against these violations. </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the DPRK</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Latvia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>18 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We commend the efforts of the Special Rapporteur and the OHCHR Seoul Office in monitoring and reporting on the human rights situation in the DPRK. We remain deeply concerned about the serious systematic, widespread and gross human rights violations and crimes against humanity in the country. </p> <p>The government’s intensifying repressions, restrictions on fundamental rights and freedoms, and worsening isolation have led to devastating consequences for the North Korean people. We concur with the Special Rapporteur that collaborative joint efforts involving all regional actors must be taken to ensure accountability for the human rights violations in the DPRK. </p> <p>We urge the DPRK to take meaningful steps to implement fundamental rights and freedoms in the country and to cooperate fully with the UN human rights mechanisms - the next Universal Periodic Review of the country in November provides an opportunity for re-engagement and for confidence-building.</p> <p>Madam Special Rapporteur, how can we best support the UN human rights mechanisms to advance accountability for human rights violations in the DPRK? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Estonia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>18 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic States. </p> <p>We express our firm support for the work of the Commission of Inquiry and commend its efforts to document evidence to ensure that the Russian authorities are held accountable for violations of international human rights law and of international humanitarian law, as well as associated international crimes, including war crimes, in the context of Russia’s illegal war of aggression against Ukraine. </p> <p>Your latest report provides, once again, unambiguous evidence of indiscriminate attacks and deliberate killings of Ukrainian civilians, as attacks on Ukrainian homes, hospitals, schools, childcare facilities and critical and civilian infrastructure continue. </p> <p>Russia’s documented and widespread illegal detentions and systematic use of torture against both civilians and prisoners of war are horrific. Furthermore, the Russian authorities’ unlawful deportation and forced transfer of children from Ukraine to Russia, within occupied territories, and to Belarus, may constitute war crimes. We strongly condemn the separation of children from families and legal guardians, and any change of children’s personal status, illegal adoption or placement in foster families, and efforts to indoctrinate them. </p> <p>We must ensure that Russia is held accountable for its violations of international law. The investigations must continue until full accountability and justice are ensured. </p> <p>Mr. Møse, what more can we collectively do to ensure comprehensive accountability for all atrocity crimes?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement delivered by Estonia on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>18 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr President,</p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>We express our firm support for the essential work of the Commission of Inquiry. With deep regret, we note the Commission’s assessment that the violence is spiralling and the mounting and devastating effects of the massive human rights violations and abuses committed in Syria over thirteen years are only becoming more dramatic and serious year by year, continuing to wreck the lives of millions of Syrians. </p> <p>We are very concerned about reports of alarming level of poverty and economic decline throughout Syria. </p> <p>Since the ICJ issued its ruling to stop torture, enforced disappearances and deaths in Syria’s detention facilities, there have been new reports on killings of Syrians by torture and arbitrary arrests by the Syrian regime. </p> <p>We are deeply concerned about the continued patterns of alleged war crimes, and violations and abuses of international human rights law as well as violations of humanitarian law in this protracted armed conflict, particularly by the Syrian regime and its allies. Once again, civilians, especially women and girls, are disproportionately affected by the repeated cycles of violence. We stress the vital importance of ensuring accountability for mass atrocities and violations. </p> <p>Mr Commissioner, what more can we do to ensure accountability on the basis of your findings?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>55th session of the Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights situation in Myanmar </strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Sweden on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>19 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>We thank the Special Rapporteur, for his update and the attention he draws to the ongoing serious human rights crisis in Myanmar.</p> <p>Three years have passed since the military coup in Myanmar, and the situation continues to deteriorate, with devastating consequences for human rights and humanitarian conditions in the country. The Nordic-Baltic countries strongly condemn the violent actions of the military. We reiterate our call on the regime to end all forms of violence against civilians, including sexual and gender-based violence, aerial attacks, mass killings and persecution of civilians. All conflict parties must abide by international law.</p> <p>We are deeply concerned about the imposition of mandatory military service as it risks exacerbating an already fragile situation and risks further undermining the enjoyment of human rights of the people.</p> <p>The Nordic Baltic countries jointly underline the urgent need to provide humanitarian assistance to those in need while supporting those actors committed to a democratic transition process that affirms human rights, transparency, and accountability.</p> <p>Special Rapporteur, what is your view on how the international community could best work with regional and local partners to ensure safe and unhindered humanitarian access to those in most need? </p> <p>I thank you. </p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4: Interactive Dialogue on the report</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>of the High Commissioner on the situation of human rights in Belarus</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Sweden on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>19 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>The deteriorating human rights situation in Belarus has never been worse. </p> <p>Since the crackdown on peaceful protests in 2020, we have witnessed a relentless, politically motived campaign against ordinary citizens, with over 1400 political prisoners to date.</p> <p>A brutal crackdown against civil society: teachers, lawyers, journalists, factory workers, writers, human rights defenders, and others. </p> <p>The unprecedented level of repression and intimidation to discourage any participation in democratic processes makes it clear that conditions for free and fair elections were not met on 25 February. </p> <p>We are strongly concerned by the report by the High Commissioner that some of the violations committed in Belarus may amount to crimes against humanity. </p> <p>We condemn the politically motivated sentences and call for the immediate and unconditional release and rehabilitation of&nbsp;all political prisoners. </p> <p>We reiterate the need for accountability, to achieve justice for the victims and&nbsp; prevent further crimes. We urge the Belarusian authorities to fulfil their obligations under international human rights law.</p> <p>High Commissioner, how can the international community support&nbsp; political prisoners in Belarus?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 4 General Debate: Human rights situations that require the Council’s attention</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Iceland</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>20 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President.</p> <p>Iceland expresses grave concern over the mounting evidence of war crimes committed by Russia in Ukraine, including systematic use of torture, rape, and wilful killing. We remain deeply alarmed by the ongoing civilian suffering caused by gross violations of international humanitarian and human rights law.</p> <p>We are deeply concerned about the unprecedented level of human rights violations in Belarus and restrictions to political participation resulting in failure to meet conditions for fair and legitimate elections on 25 February. We condemn ill-treatment of political prisoners and politically motivated sentencing.</p> <p>In Gaza, we are gravely concerned about imminent famine and reiterate our call for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire. We condemn the terrorist attacks of 7 October, call for the release of all hostages, and reiterate that the two-state solution is the only sustainable way forward.</p> <p>In Afghanistan, we deplore the Taliban’s draconian restrictions on the human rights of women and girls. Systematic and institutionalised gender-based discrimination and violence must end. The situation merits a discussion about the application of gender to the definition of apartheid.</p> <p>We remain deeply concerned about human rights violations of ethnic and religious minorities in China. We urge China to abide by its international human rights obligations and to immediately implement OHCHR’s recommendations.</p> <p>In closing, Iceland refers to Nordic-Baltic statements on the situation in DPRK, Iran, Myanmar and Syria in respective interactive dialogues. </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 8: Commemoration of International Day for Elimination of Racial Discrimination (GA res. 78/234)</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement delivered by Iceland on behalf of the Nordic Baltic Countries <br /> 27 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honor to speak on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries.</p> <p>We remain resolute in our commitment to combat all forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, both at home and abroad.</p> <p>Racial discrimination not only perpetuates systemic inequalities and social divisions where they exist, but also undermines the principle of human dignity. </p> <p>While significant strides have been made to combat racial discrimination and intolerance, both remain a concern, including in our own countries. We must enhance our efforts to dismantle all forms of discrimination and intolerance and ardently pursue equality and justice for all.</p> <p>We must recognize the experiences of those who face multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and develop and implement targeted policy measures that address injustice through an intersectional and participatory approach. </p> <p>There is strength in diversity; it enriches societies, promotes understanding, and facilitates innovation. </p> <p>We must undertake concerted and collective efforts to ensure that future generations have equal opportunities to realize their utmost and fullest potential. </p> <p>Together, we must strive towards a global society in which the human rights of every person are ensured and one in which we recognize that diversity is a cornerstone of progress and prosperity.&nbsp; </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 10: Interactive Dialogue with the Independent Expert on Mali</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Sweden on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries </strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>28 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President.</p> <p>I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We thank the Independent Expert for his important report. </p> <p>We are alarmed by the worsened human rights situation in Mali following the rapidly deteriorating security situation in all regions of the country, exacerbated by the departure of MINUSMA and the intensified conflict in the north of Mali. We are deeply concerned by the systematic targeting of civilians by extremist armed groups, including the use of sexual and gender-based violence, as well as by continued reports of grave violations committed by national forces and foreign security personnel. </p> <p>We urge the Government of Mali to ensure full accountability for violations and abuses of human rights and international humanitarian law committed by all parties, including through credible and independent investigations. </p> <p>We note with concern the continued shrinking civic space, including attacks on and arbitrary detentions of human rights defenders, journalists and civil society representatives. </p> <p>Mr Independent Expert, how should the international community help strengthen access to justice and increase accountability in Mali, taking into consideration the growing difficulty facing human rights advocacy in the country and the unwillingness of Malian authorities to cooperate with you during your mission? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 10: Interactive Dialogue on High Commissioner’s oral report on Ukraine</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Lithuania on behalf of the Nordic Baltic States</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>28 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic States. </p> <p>We appreciate and firmly support the decade’s work of the Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine to monitor and report on human rights situation in the country and bring evidence of violations committed by Russia, and thank the High Commissioner for the oral update. </p> <p>We also commend the OHCHR’s consistent technical assistance and capacity building to Ukraine.</p> <p>Once again, we condemn in the strongest terms Russia’s temporary occupation of Crimea and parts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia regions of Ukraine, as well as the unlawful imposition of Russian citizenship, legal and administrative systems, and the holding of the so-called “elections”.</p> <p>Russian armed forces demonstrate unimaginable cruelty by killing, torturing, and committing acts of sexual violence, thus inflicting serious and enduring harm to people and their culture, especially targeting Crimean Tatars, and suppressing Ukrainian identity among children. We condemn the illegal conscription of residents of Crimea and other temporarily occupied areas of Ukraine into the Russian armed forces. </p> <p>Unfortunately, many violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law go unreported, as Russia continues to hinder access of international monitoring mechanisms to the territories it controls in Ukraine. </p> <p>The Nordic and Baltic States reiterate our unwavering support for the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders.</p> <p>High Commissioner, what more can we collectively do to ensure effective investigation and full accountability for all violations that Russia committed in Crimea and other temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 10: High-level dialogue on the Central African Republic</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement delivered by Lithuania on behalf of the Nordic Baltic Countries </strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>28 March 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honor to speak on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries.</p> <p>We remain deeply concerned about the ongoing crisis of protecting human rights and accountability in the Central African Republic fueled by a history of prevalent impunity. </p> <p>We are alarmed by recurrent armed clashes that perpetuate a vicious cycle of human rights violations and abuses and violations of international humanitarian law. The perpetrators are diverse, including the Central African armed forces and its Russian allies. All must be held accountable. </p> <p>The challenging human rights, security and humanitarian situation has been exacerbated by the crisis in neighboring Sudan. </p> <p>We deplore the widespread prevalence of sexual and gender-based violence, trafficking in persons, child recruitment, and the use of children in armed conflict and call on all armed actors to abide by international human rights and humanitarian law. </p> <p>Acknowledging constraints, we urge the Government to break the cycle of violence and address grievances.</p> <p>The path to durable peace requires a firm commitment to justice and accountability, respect for human rights, inclusive dialogue and good governance.</p> <p>Mr. President, how can we as the international community help strengthen access to justice and increase accountability in CAR?</p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 10: Interactive Dialogue with International Expert on human rights situation in Colombia </strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries </strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>2 April 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President, </p> <p>I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.</p> <p>We thank the International Expert for her dedicated efforts.</p> <p>We commend Colombia for its efforts towards peace – and for its openness to recognize the country’s human rights challenges and the obstacles facing the full implementation of the peace agreement. </p> <p>The situation for human rights defenders, as well as for signatories to the Peace Agreement in Colombia, remains deeply worrying. While we recognise recent efforts to improve security in rural areas, we encourage the Colombian government to continue strengthening the National Protection Unit (UNP) and reconvene the National Round Table for Security Guarantees with representatives at the highest level.&nbsp; </p> <p>We also urge Colombia’s Attorney General’s Office to advance towards ensuring accountability for human rights violations and abuses. </p> <p>In line with the report of the Independent Expert, we call for efforts to accelerate the implementation of the 2016-peace agreement, with a specific focus on human rights, transitional justice and steps that address more effectively the root causes of violence and armed conflict.</p> <p>According to your findings, what would be your main recommendation to accelerate the implementation of the Peace Agreement? </p> <p>I thank you.</p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council – 55th session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Interactive Dialogue&nbsp;with the High Commissioner on Haiti (with participation of the independent expert)</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Denmark on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>2 April 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>I have the honour of delivering this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. </p> <p>We thank the High Commissioner and the Independent Expert for the latest report and reiterate our support for their work. </p> <p>We remain gravely concerned by the dire human rights and humanitarian crisis in Haiti, which has only deteriorated further amid the unrelenting gang violence causing alarming forced displacement and widespread shortage of basic necessities and medical care. </p> <p>Support to assist Haiti in restoring security and the rule of law is critically needed and we fully back efforts to ensure a multinational security support mission is deployed without further delay. The widespread violence, illicit arms flows, and grave human rights abuses undermine the stability and security of Haiti and the wider region. We are particularly concerned by the violations and abuses committed against children and the widespread use of sexual and gender-based violence, including as a weapon by gangs to spread fear. </p> <p>We welcome the establishment of a transitional presidential council, with the aim of preparing a peaceful transition of power and free and fair elections. An inclusive, Haitian-led political transition is necessary to re-establish democratic structures, promote the rule of law and safeguard the human rights of the population. We support the continuing efforts to ensure this and commend CARICOM’s efforts towards making the political agreement possible. </p> <p>High Commissioner, how can the international community best engage with the political transition process in Haiti and relevant stakeholders to ensure follow up to your work?</p> <p>I thank you. </p> <br clear="all" /> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Human Rights Council - 55th Session</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Item 10: Enhanced Interactive Dialogue on the report of High Commissioner on the Democratic Republic of Congo</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Iceland on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>2 April 2024</strong></p> <p>Mr President, </p> <p>I make this statement on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries. Thank you, High Commissioner, and the Team of International Experts for your report. </p> <p>The escalation of armed violence in eastern DRC, and related violations of human rights and of international humanitarian law, including attacks against civilians and conflict related sexual violence, is of serious concern. The situation, caused primarily by the armed group M23, as well as other armed groups, severely impacts the human rights of individuals in the DRC. These groups must cease all hostilities, withdraw from the areas they occupy and disarm. All states should stop any support to these armed groups.</p> <p>We are closely following the appeal trial of the murders of UN experts Zaida Catalán and Michael Sharp in Kasaï Central in 2017, as well as the investigation into the disappearance of their four Congolese companions. The legal process remains vital and has our full support. We encourage the continued cooperation between the Congolese authorities and the UN-mandated follow-up mechanism. </p> <p>The lifting of the moratorium regarding death penalty as announced by the Congolese government on 3 March 2024, is very worrying. We strongly oppose the use of the death penalty in all circumstances, without exception.&nbsp; </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>I thank you.</span></p>

<span></span> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">National statement of Iceland<br /> 219th session of the Executive Board of UNESCO, March 2024</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"><em><strong>Delivered by the Permanent Delegate of Iceland, Ms Audbjörg Halldórsdóttir</strong></em></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Ms Chairperson of the Executive Board,&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /> Ms Director-General,</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">&nbsp;<br /> Ms President of the General Conference,</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">&nbsp;<br /> Excellencies, distinguished colleagues,</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Global divisions continue to rise and it has never been more important to defend multilateralism, freedom and democracy. The world is faced with multiple crises. Climate crisis, growing in-equities and social instability, conflicts, erosion of human rights and democratic values and alarming rates of disinformation and gender-based violence globally. These interconnected crises will only be solved through a system that builds healthy, caring, just and sustainable societies – where both planet and people can prosper.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Dear Colleagues.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">As we tackle the immediate issues at hand, it is important to keep our eyes on the future. The goal of the upcoming Summit of the Future is to create the conditions to accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. UNESCO‘s mandate must be well reflected in the outcome of the Summit, as its priorities encompass strong enablers for sustainable development and a prosperous future.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">This should include the results of recent years‘ conferences held under UNESCO’s areas of competence - Mondiacult, affirming culture as a global public good, and the Transforming Education Summit, reinforcing the role of education in the global political agenda. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">The importance of a holistic, interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach is clear – and here UNESCO has a strong advantage. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">The UN Secretary General‘s policy brief on „Beyond GDP“, provides a challenge for Member States and UN organizations, to outline a path to develop complementary metrics where what matters to people, the planet and the future is better recognized. UNESCO is well placed to contribute to this thought- and work process – as its mandate can certainly work to advance quality of life above and beyond monetary measures. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Iceland, as a part of the partnership of Wellbeing Economy Governments, is already working to this end of developing policies of wellbeing within the context of the UN 2030 Agenda.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Dear Colleagues.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">UNESCO’s work on conservation and knowledge production is important to counter the harmful impact of climate change, environmental degradation, and biodiversity loss that threaten our physical, mental, and social health and pose significant challenges to our efforts to promote wellbeing and prosperous future for all. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Let us remember that SDG5 on gender equality is an enabler and a multiplier for all other SDGs. Recent years have seen a frightening backsliding on this front. We therefore welcome the focus placed on gender equality during this session of the Board. Empowering women and girls is key to</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">addressing many of our challenges and Iceland will continue to support and help strengthening the work of UNESCO on a transformative approach to gender equality. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">It is important not to become complacent - human rights need to be actively strengthened and protected in all areas of UNESCO‘s work. Iceland is in favour of an increased focus on gender diversity and the rights of LGBTQI+ people.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">UNESCO‘s work to strengthen the inclusion of crisis-affected learners in all regions is more important than ever. We commend UNESCO for its invaluable work and response to education in emergencies.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Dear Colleagues.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Russia’s illegal war of aggression against Ukraine continues to have a devastating effect on Ukrainians, their cultural life and heritage, environment, education and the work of journalists. It is also an attack on the multilateral system and a blatant violation of international law. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">We commend UNESCO’s continuous efforts in supporting Ukraine, which are essential in combatting the long-term effect of Russia’s aggression. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">The catastrophic crisis in Gaza is horrific and has continued to deepen. The humanitarian toll is devastating. We emphasize the importance of full respect for international law and reiterate our call for a humanitarian ceasefire, unimpeded humanitarian access and protection of civilians, medical personnel and humanitarian workers.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Iceland supported the establishment of an</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">emergency assistance programme within UNESCO’s fields of competence, as mandated in November. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">The urgency for assistance is vital, seeing the widespread damage to Gaza’s infrastucture - and UNESCO has an important role to play.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Iceland is looking into how we can support UNESCO’s emergency assistance programme.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Colleagues.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">We welcome UNESCO’s</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">presentation of the C/5 implementation report which provides a good overview of the organization’s work. We also appreciate the Organization’s forthrightness on the reported financial management challenges. At the same time, we encourage the Secretariat to identify ways to improve appropriate risk management and financial mechanism controls, in order to avoid similar situations in the future.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">We look forward to having constructive discussions on the implementation report at our upcoming session. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Let me extend our thanks to the IOS and the entire Secretariat team for excellent reports and their tireless efforts in preparing for this board meeting. We understand this was challenging, given the short timeframe.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Dear friends.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Our discussions at the Executive Board lay the groundwork for the direction of the work of the organization and assess how well we think UNESCO is delivering on its’ mandate. However, perhaps no less valuable, is the platform/opportunity it provides for Member States to engage with one another, to listen to the concerns and priorities of our different countries. To put to practice the values UNESCO was formed around. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">This may seem obvious – but perhaps it is a good idea, to remind ourselves of the value the multilateral system has brought us – especially in this time of turbulence and what seems to be an increasingly polarized world. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">I look forward to our deliberations in the coming days.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">Thank you.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;"></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 'FiraGO Light', sans-serif;">&nbsp;</span></p>

<span><strong>Statement by H.E. Jörundur Valtýsson,<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> Seventy-eighth Session of the UN General Assembly&nbsp;<br /> 59th Plenary Meeting, 5 March 2024.<br /> Use of veto – Item 63: Special report of the Security Council<br /> Debate pursuant to resolution 76/262</strong><br /> </span> <div>&nbsp;</div> <span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Iceland aligns itself with the statement delivered earlier by Liechtenstein on behalf of a group of countries.<br /> <br /> We deeply regret the ongoing impasse in the Security Council and call on Council Members to redouble their efforts to address the grave humanitarian situation and the need for concrete action to protect civilians and facilitate the safe delivery of humanitarian assistance to the people in Gaza.<br /> <br /> Iceland’s position has been clear and consistent. We have joined calls for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire and unimpeded humanitarian access. Humanitarian assistance must reach more than 2 million civilians desperately in need of life-saving aid. It is needed now and must be delivered now.<br /> <br /> We also continue to condemn, in the strongest terms, the brutal and indiscriminate terrorist attacks by Hamas and call for immediate and unconditional release of all hostages. We have simultaneously called on Israel to fully comply with international law, including international humanitarian law, protect civilians and provide sufficient humanitarian aid, in accordance with the legally binding orders issued by the International Court of Justice.<br /> <br /> We deplore the immense suffering of innocent civilians and the fate of over 30 thousand people, including women and children, who have been killed. Tragically, there is no safe place in Gaza and a military action in Rafah would dramatically worsen an already catastrophic humanitarian situation.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> After more than four months of war, close to two million people have been displaced, schools have either been destroyed or turned into emergency shelters, healthcare services are in tatters and remaining hospitals are barely operational, with little or no electricity, fuel and medical supplies.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Under these dire circumstances, Iceland has greatly increased its humanitarian assistance to Gaza through various means and organizations. We fully recognize the unique role of UNRWA in delivering basic services in Gaza and highly appreciate the shift actions by the Agency and the Secretary General in the wake of the serious allegations of the involvement of a number of its employees in the terrorist attacks on Israel in October. We have the fullest confidence in the OIOS internal investigation, and the external review led by Madame Colonna.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Despite this dire situation, there must be a plan for the day after. Iceland recognized the state of Palestine in 2011 and has consistently advocated for the two-state solution, based on international law, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security, and mutual recognition.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> We need a political process paving the way towards that end. Without it, there is no end to the vicious cycle of violence. Without it, there is no long-term, sustainable solution to this conflict.<br /> <br /> Thank you.<br /> </span> <div>&nbsp;</div>

<p>Statement by Guðrún Þorbjörnsdóttir, First Secretary<br /> General Assembly 78th Session, 22 December 2023<br /> Fifth Committee Plenary Meeting</p> <p>Mr. Chair,</p> <p>Iceland has voted in favour of this resolution despite the procedural issues, namely that the Fifth Committee is not the appropriate forum for this resolution. As a strong supporter of UNRWA's important work, Iceland agrees with the text of the resolution and calls for all parties to the conflict in Gaza to heed the call for respect and protection&nbsp;of all civilian and humanitarian facilities and United Nations facilities, as well as all of the humanitarian and medical personnel, and journalists, media professionals and associated personnel caught in the armed conflict in the region.</p> <p>I thank you.</p>

<span><em>Statement/Explanation of vote by H.E. Jörundur Valtýsson,<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> Tenth Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly&nbsp;<br /> 45th Plenary Meeting, 12 December 2023.&nbsp;<br /> Debate on Item 5: Illegal Israeli actions in occupied East Jerusalem and the rest of the Occupied Palestinian Territory</em><br /> </span> <div>&nbsp;</div> <p><span>Mr. President,</span></p> <p><span>In light of the humanitarian catastrophe unfolding in Gaza, Iceland has chosen to cosponsor, and consequently vote in favor of the resolution presented by Egypt. Following a much-needed humanitarian pause, the resumption of hostilities has resulted in full-scale escalation of the conflict. Once again, innocent civilians, trapped in unbearable conditions, bear the brunt of this conflict and the civilian death toll is unacceptable.</span></p> <p><span>However, we regret that the two proposed amendments acknowledging the brutal and indiscriminate terrorist attack by Hamas on 7 October and their leading part in the taking of hostages, were not passed. There can be no justification for terrorism.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>Recognizing Hamas’s part in the ongoing conflict does not contradict our strong and urgent call for an immediate and sustained humanitarian ceasefire, full compliance with international law by all parties, protection of civilians, immediate release of hostages and the timely and sufficient provision of humanitarian aid.</span></p> <p><span>Iceland supports the Secretary General’s appeal for a decisive action by Security Council, invoking Article 99, and was one of 102 UN Member States that cosponsored the draft resolution last Friday. The ongoing impasse in the Security Council is deeply regrettable. We call on Council Members to redouble their efforts to avert further escalation and a collapse of the humanitarian system in Gaza.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>Mr. President,&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>We deplore the immense suffering and unacceptable civilian death toll. We are alarmed by the impact of mass evacuations of civilians in Gaza. These need to stop – there is no safe place in Gaza.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>While increased flow of humanitarian aid through a second inspection point, announced by Israel, is a positive step, much more needs to be done. Lifesaving aid to millions of civilians in need must be delivered now and access to food and water, electricity, and fuel ensured. The vast majority of the population is already displaced, sheltering in overcrowded facilities, including schools that no longer provide education, or simply sleeping on the streets. Healthcare services are in tatters and of growing concern is the high risk of epidemic and waterborne diseases, which would further compound the crisis.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>Iceland has responded to UN emergency appeals with increased contributions to UNRWA - our long-standing humanitarian partner. UNRWA services – the lifeline for over 2.2 million people in Gaza – are now on the verge of collapse, according to Commission-General Lazzarini. If UNRWA fails, the entire humanitarian system in Gaza will follow. We must spare no efforts in preventing this from happening.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>We deplore that more than 130 UNRWA staff members have been killed in this conflict.</span></p> <p><span>Iceland has condemned in the strongest possible terms the brutal and indiscriminate terrorist attacks by Hamas two months ago. We have repeatedly called for the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages – as the resolution we have just adopted rightly does.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>All parties to this conflict must adhere to their obligations under international humanitarian law. Breaches thereof must be carefully investigated, including of sexual violence.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>Mr. President,</span></p> <p><span>The Secretary-General has rightfully raised the alarm of further escalation of this conflict. Its consequences are being felt throughout the region and beyond. Across the world, people are calling for the hostilities to end. So did the Icelandic Parliament in a unanimous resolution on 9 November.</span></p> <p><span>Even in the midst of crisis, when peace seems unrealistic and distant, we must focus on the long-term, sustainable solution to the conflict which two-state solution, based on international law, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security, and mutual recognition. The cycle of violence must stop.&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>Thank you.</span></p>

<span></span> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span>Informal briefing by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk following his visit to the Middle East</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Statement by Norway on behalf of Norway and Iceland</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>16 November 2023</strong></p> <p>I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of Iceland and my own country Norway.&nbsp;</p> <p>We commend High Commissioner Türk for going to the region and for taking a clear stance in favour of international humanitarian law and protection of civilians, and for giving voice to all those affected by the disastrous impact of this conflict.</p> <p>We also commend UN staff on the ground, working under near impossible circumstances.</p> <p>First, Norway and Iceland have condemned Hamas’ heinous terrorist attacks in the strongest possible terms and called for the immediate release of all hostages.&nbsp;</p> <p>Second, we also express our grave concern for the situation of Palestinian civilians in Gaza. The lack of food, electricity, water and health care is nothing short of a disaster. Humanitarian access must be dramatically improved. We have called for a humanitarian ceasefire to make such access possible.</p> <p>We find it difficult to draw any other conclusion than that the parties to this conflict are not doing enough to comply with their international humanitarian law obligations. Rules apply, also during war. We appreciate, High Commissioner, that you spoke with clarity on this point.</p> <p>There is no other solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict than a political one. Stability in the Middle East cannot be reached without the Palestinian question being addressed.&nbsp;</p> <p>The war between Israel and Hamas is driving polarization and division. I&nbsp;agree with the High Commissioner - this is a trap, and in no-one’s interest. All lives have equal value. We all have to contribute to mutual respect and tolerance, and keep in mind that there will be a day after where we need to focus on the way forward, a two-state solution.&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><span>&nbsp;</span></p>

<span></span> <p><span><strong>Statement by Ms Audbjörg Halldórsdottir<br /> </strong></span><strong>Permanent Delegate of Iceland to UNESCO<br /> 42nd UNESCO General Conference, Paris 10 November 2023<br /> APX Commission, item 4.24</strong></p> <p><span>The catastrophic humanitarian crisis unfolding in Gaza is deeply concerning and we strongly deplore the immense suffering of innocent civilians and the thousands that have been killed to date. </span></p> <p><span>Iceland supports the call of UN agencies for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza and stresses the need for safe and unimpeded humanitarian access, protection of civilians, medical personnel and humanitarian workers.</span></p> <p><span>Preventing further escalation of hostilities is vital.</span></p> <p><span>Iceland has condemned in the strongest terms the brutal terrorist attacks by Hamas on October 7, including the taking of hostages and calls for their immediate release. </span></p> <p><span style="color: black;">We are gravely concerned about reports of violations of international humanitarian law, including the significant civilian death toll as a result of Israeli strikes on the Jabaliya and Al-Maghazi refugee camps, UN schools and other civilian targets.</span></p> <p><span>Over four thousand children have been killed since October 7. This is unacceptable.</span></p> <p><span>The ongoing conflict affects all of UNESCO’s fields of competence and the consequences &nbsp;call for a strengthened UNESCO programme of emergency assistance in Gaza in the fields of education, culture, science, communication and information.</span></p> <p><span>The Government of Iceland has doubled its financial contribution to the UN emergency appeal for Gaza. We urge other donors to step up their support to critical front-line delivery of aid to the people of Gaza.</span></p> <p><span>The continuous cycle of violence in Israel and Palestine must stop. Military solutions will not provide sustainable security in the region. The only way forward is through internationally supported political and diplomatic dialogue towards the goal of a two-state solution. </span></p> <p><span>Thank you.</span></p> <br />

<p><strong>Joint Nordic Statement delivered by H.E. Christina Markus Lassen, Permanent Representative of Denmark to the UN</strong></p> <p>Madam Chairperson,</p> <p>I am taking the floor on behalf of the Nordic countries – Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and my own country, Denmark.</p> <p>The Nordic countries align with the statement delivered by the European Union, including its assessment of the political situation.</p> <p>Events over the last month have sadly been yet another confirmation of why we need a strong and effective UNRWA. During the last month, UNRWA has been one of the only lifelines for hundreds of thousands of Palestinians. UNRWA has been providing shelter to more than 690.000 displaced persons, while also providing vital basic services such as food, medicine and water despite the very difficult situation.</p> <p>The Nordic countries wish to warmly commend the enormous and tireless efforts by UNRWA staff in Gaza and on the West Bank, who have worked day and night under extremely difficult and unsafe conditions. We wish to reaffirm our appreciation of the work of UNRWA during these challenging times. UNRWA’s work has come at a heavy cost, and we offer our sincere condolences for the more than 72 UNRWA staff who have been killed since the outbreak of hostilities on 7 October. Their deaths underline the urgent need for greater protection of humanitarian workers through strict adherence to humanitarian deconfliction.</p> <p>We have heard Secretary-General Guterres as well as Commissioner-General Lazzarini make repeated calls for ensuring the protection of civilians in line with International Humanitarian Law, along with safe and unhindered humanitarian access.</p> <p>We echo these calls.</p> <p>Protection of civilians is not only vital, but one of the core obligations for all parties to a conflict under International Humanitarian Law. The Nordic countries call for rapid, safe and unhindered humanitarian access and aid to reach those in need throughout Gaza – North and South - and through all necessary measures, including humanitarian corridors and pauses. In this regard, all diplomatic efforts are now of great value including by Secretary-General Guterres, the countries in the region, as well as the EU.</p> <p>Madam Chairperson,</p> <p>Beyond the current crisis, UNRWA has a unique mandate to protect and provide direct services to the millions of Palestine refugees living, not only in Gaza and the West Bank, but also in volatile contexts in Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. UNRWA also plays a very important role in mitigating the risks of migration and radicalization, promoting regional stability, and ensuring that no one is left behind.</p> <p>We acknowledge the difficult financial situation in which UNRWA finds itself, and call on the international community to ensure that the Agency receives adequate funding to fulfil its mandate. We welcome UNRWA’s efforts to diversify funding sources, including from the private sector and individual contributions. We also commend the important steps taken to modernize UNRWA systems to ensure a more efficient delivery of services. We underline the importance of broadening UNRWA’s donor base, and welcome increased support from other and new donors.</p> <p>The Nordic countries have long been reliable partners to UNRWA. In 2022, the Nordic countries provided around 120 million US dollars in core contributions to UNRWA.</p> <p>In addition, and in response to UNRWA’s flash appeal to address the current crisis, we have provided extraordinary humanitarian contributions totalling 11.2 million US dollars in order for UNRWA to respond to the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza and the West Bank.</p> <p>Lastly, let me reiterate our continued appeal for a just, political two-state solution. This is the only way to ensure human development, sustainable peace and stability in the region, and a better future for the Palestine refugee population. Until a just, fair and durable solution is found, UNRWA’s invaluable work will remain crucial for stability in the region.</p> <p>Thank you</p>

<p>Statement by H.E. Jörundur Valtýsson,<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> Tenth Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly <br /> 44th Meeting, 2 November 2023<br /> Debate on Item 5: Illegal Israeli actions in occupied East Jerusalen and the rest of the Occupied Palestinian Territory<br /> <br /> Mr. President,</p> <p>This Emergency Special Session is convened as another humanitarian catastrophe is unfolding in Gaza. We regret the impasse in the Security Council and call on Council Members to redouble their efforts to address the situation.</p> <p>Similarly, we are disappointed by the missed opportunity to build a broader consensus in this forum last Friday. This would have been possible had the draft included an explicit condemnation of the terrorist attack by Hamas on October 7th and the clear call for immediate and unconditional release of the over 200 hostages, including almost 30 children, being held in captivity by Hamas. With this inclusion, Iceland fully supports the resolution’s strong humanitarian call, including a call for an immediate durable and sustained humanitarian truce leading to a cessation of hostilities.</p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>We deplore the immense suffering of innocent civilians and the thousands, including thousands of women and children, that have been killed to date. We are alarmed by the impact of mass evacuations of civilians in Gaza. The grave situation, the unacceptable civilian death toll and suffering calls for an immediate humanitarian pause and humanitarian corridors to facilitate the safe delivery of humanitarian aid throughout Gaza.</p> <p>Calls for safe and unimpeded humanitarian access, lifting of restrictions of necessities, including fuel, and the protection of civilians must be heeded. We are gravely concerned about reports of apparent serious violations of international humanitarian law, including the significant civilian death toll as a result of Israeli strikes that hit the Jabaliya refugee camp.</p> <p>We call for an investigation of all possible violations of international humanitarian law and underline the responsibility of all those involved to strictly abide by the rules of war. Civilians and civilian objects, medical personnel and humanitarian workers and assets must be protected and never targeted.</p> <p>Iceland greatly appreciates the UN Secretary-General’s tireless efforts to ensure the urgent delivery of life-saving humanitarian assistance to the civilian population of Gaza. We echo his calls for humanitarian aid to the civilian population of Gaza so desperately in need of food, water, shelter, and medical care. Fuel and electricity are urgently needed. More aid is needed in Gaza, and it is needed now.</p> <p>We commend all humanitarian personnel working night and day to facilitate the urgent delivery of humanitarian assistance. We deplore that in the past month, 70 UNRWA staff members in Gaza have been killed because of this conflict.</p> <p>Iceland has responded to UN emergency appeals with contributions to UNRWA, our long-standing humanitarian partner and the lead UN agency mandated with supporting Palestine refugees. Today, we are doubling our contributions to the emergency appeal, bringing the total to 140 million Icelandic Krona. We urge other donors to step up their support to UNRWA’s critical front-line delivery of aid to the people of Gaza.</p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>Iceland has condemned in the strongest possible terms the brutal and indiscriminate terrorist attacks by Hamas. There can be no justification for terrorism. All hostages should be released immediately and unconditionally.</p> <p>We have also stressed that while Israel has an inherent right to defend itself, it must do so within the bounds of international law. International law provides states with rights and obligations. Both are sacred.</p> <p>We must prevent further escalation, for the sake of Israelis, Palestinians, and the wider region. The continuous cycle of violence is fueling the flames of hate and racism. We are seeing too many incidents of Antisemitism, Islamophobia and Anti-Arab sentiments across the world.</p> <p>Mr. President,</p> <p>The decades-long cycle of violence in Israel and Palestine will not stop while Hamas continues to use its position in Gaza to wage terror on innocent civilians and spread radicalism. And it will not stop while Israel’s unlawful settlements continue in the West Bank and Gaza remains under blockade.</p> <p>The international parameters for a long-term, sustainable solution to the conflict are clear: A two-state solution, based on international law, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security, and mutual recognition.</p> <p>This is what we in the international community should strive for.</p> <p>Thank you.</p>

<p><span>Herra forseti,</span></p> <p><span>Við komum saman í dag til sérstaks neyðarfundar vegna þess mikla harmleiks sem nú á sér stað fyrir milljónir Ísraela og Palestínumanna, og þeirrar pattstöðu sem er því miður upp&nbsp; komin í öryggisráðinu.</span></p> <p><span>Ísland studdi breytingartillögu Kanada sem hefði bætt nauðsynlegu samhengi og jafnvægi við ályktunina. Ísland harmar að sú tillaga hafi ekki fengið brautargengi.</span></p> <p><span>Án þeirra nauðsynlegu þátta sem tillaga Kanada tók til ákvað Ísland að sitja hjá við ályktunina sem Jórdanía lagði fram, þrátt fyrir að styðja marga meginþætti hennar, einkum hvað mannúðarmál varðar.</span></p> <p><span>Það er miður að ekki skyldi nást samstaða um ályktun um að bregðast við alvarlegri stöðu mannúðarmála og þörf fyrir áþreifanlegar aðgerðir til að vernda óbreytta borgara og auðvelda trygga afhendingu mannúðaraðstoðar.</span></p> <p><span>Herra forseti,</span></p> <p><span>Ísland tekur undir ákall um mannúðarhlé til að auðvelda örugga afhendingu mannúðaraðstoðar um allt Gaza. Tryggja þarf öruggt og óhindrað mannúðaraðgengi. Vernda verður almenna borgara og borgaralega hluti, heilbrigðisstarfsfólk og mannúðarstarfsfólk og eignir.</span></p> <p><span>Við hörmum gríðarlegar þjáningar saklausra borgara og þeirra þúsunda manna, þar á meðal kvenna, barna og starfsfólks Sameinuðu þjóðanna, sem týnt hafa lífi. Við höfum áhyggjur af áhrifum brottflutnings fjölda almennra borgara á Gaza.</span></p> <p><span>Við verðum að koma í veg fyrir frekari stigmögnun, vegna Ísraelsmanna, Palestínumanna og þessa heimshluta. Þetta linnulausa ofbeldi kyndir undir hatur, gyðingahatur, íslamófóbíu og kynþáttafordóma um allan heim.</span></p> <p><span>Herra forseti,</span></p> <p><span>Ísland þakkar aðalframkvæmdastjóra Sameinuðu þjóðanna fyrir þrotlausa viðleitni hans til að tryggja brýna afhendingu lífsbjargandi mannúðaraðstoðar til almennra borgara á Gaza. Við tökum undir ákall hans um mannúðaraðstoð til almennra borgara á Gaza sem þarfnast svo sárlega matar, vatns, skjóls og læknishjálpar.</span></p> <p><span>Við fögnum opnun landamærastöðvarinnar í Rafah og lofum mannúðarstarfsfólk sem vinnur dag og nótt við að auðvelda brýna afhendingu mannúðaraðstoðar. Meiri hjálpargagna er þörf og það nú. Tíminn er á þrotum.</span></p> <p><span>Ísland hefur brugðist við neyðarákalli Sameinuðu þjóðanna með viðbótarframlagi til UNRWA, langvarandi samstarfsstofnunar Íslands í mannúðarmálum og þeirrar stofnunar Sameinuðu þjóðanna sem hefur umboð til að styðja palestínska flóttamenn. Við hvetjum önnur gjafríki til að auka stuðning sinn við mikilvægan framlínustuðning UNRWA við íbúa Gaza.</span></p> <p><span>Herra forseti,</span></p> <p><span>Við verðum að brjótast út úr þessum vítahring ofbeldis og vinna að varanlegri pólitískri lausn. Alþjóðlegu viðmiðin fyrir sjálfbæra langtímalausn deilunnar eru skýr: Tveggja ríkja lausn sem byggir á alþjóðalögum, þar sem Ísrael og Palestína búa hlið við hlið í friði og öryggi og við gagnkvæma viðurkenningu.</span></p> <p><span>Jafnvel í miðju hættuástandi megum við ekki láta undan ofbeldi og hatri. Við megum ekki missa vonina jafnvel þótt friður virðist óraunhæfur og fjarstæður. Við verðum að koma friðarferlinu aftur á sporið. Að öðrum kosti eigum við á hættu að viðhalda hringrás ofbeldis og að mannúðaraðstæður versni enn frekar – öllum til skaða.</span></p> <p><span>Þakka þér fyrir.</span></p>

Statement (Explanation of Vote) by H.E. Jörundur Valtýsson,<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> Tenth Emergency Special Session of the UN General Assembly <br /> 41th Meeting, 27 October 2023<br /> <br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> We are convening this Emergency Special Session meeting against the backdrop of another great tragedy for millions of Israelis and Palestinians and a disappointing impasse in the Security Council.<br /> <br /> Iceland supported the amendment proposed by Canada, which would have added a much-needed context and balance to the resolution. Iceland regrets that the amendment did not pass.<br /> <br /> Without the inclusion of those essential elements, Iceland decided to abstain on the resolution tabled by Jordan despite supporting many of its key elements, notably on the humanitarian front.<br /> <br /> It is unfortunate that consensus could not be reached on a resolution to address the grave humanitarian situation and the need for concrete action to protect civilians and facilitate the safe delivery of humanitarian assistance. <br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Iceland joins the calls for humanitarian pause to facilitate the safe delivery of humanitarian aid throughout Gaza. Safe and unimpeded humanitarian access must be ensured. Civilians and civilian objects, medical personnel and humanitarian workers and assets must be protected.<br /> <br /> We deplore the immense suffering of innocent civilians and the thousands, including women, children and UN personnel, that have been killed. We are alarmed by the impact of mass evacuations of civilians in Gaza. <br /> We must prevent further escalation, for the sake of Israelis, Palestinians, and the wider region. Across the world, this continuous violence is fuming the flames of hate, Antisemitism, Islamophobia, and racism.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Iceland is grateful to the UN Secretary-General for his tireless efforts to ensure the urgent delivery of life-saving humanitarian assistance to the civilian population of Gaza. We echo his calls for humanitarian aid to the civilian population of Gaza so desperately in need of food, water, shelter, and medical care.<br /> <br /> We welcome the opening of the Rafah crossing and we commend the humanitarian personnel working night and day to facilitate the urgent delivery of humanitarian assistance. More aid is needed, and it is needed now. Time is running out. <br /> <br /> Iceland has responded to UN emergency appeals with an additional contribution to UNRWA, our long-standing humanitarian partner and the lead UN agency mandated with supporting Palestine refugees. We urge other donors to step up their support to UNRWA’s critical front-line delivery of aid to the people of Gaza.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> We must break out of this vicious cycle of violence and work towards a sustainable political solution. The international parameters for a long-term, sustainable solution to the conflict are clear: A two-state solution, based on international law, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security, and mutual recognition.<br /> <br /> Even in the midst of crisis, we must not give in to violence and hate. We must not lose hope even when peace seems unrealistic and distant. We must put the peace process back on track. Otherwise, we run the risk of perpetuating the cycle of violence and humanitarian conditions deteriorating even further – to the detriment of everyone. <br /> <br /> Thank you.<br /> <br />

Statement by H.E. Thórdur Aegir Óskarsson, <br /> Deputy Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> <br /> United Nations Security Council <br /> 9452nd Meeting, 24 October 2023 <br /> The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Mr. President,<br /> <br /> Thank you for convening this important debate. Our thanks to the distinguished briefers for their contribution.<br /> <br /> Iceland is appalled by the recent hostilities in Israel and Palestine and deeply concerned over the risk of further escalation. Yet another great tragedy is unfolding for the millions of Israelis and Palestinians. <br /> <br /> We deplore the immense suffering of innocent civilians and the thousands of civilians, including children, that have been killed. We are alarmed by the impact of mass evacuations of civilians in Gaza. Sadly, the atrocities are fuming the flames of hate, antisemitism, Islamophobia, and racism across the World.<br /> Iceland has condemned in the strongest terms the barbaric acts committed by Hamas. Let’s be clear: Terrorism can never be justified. Hostages should be released immediately and unconditionally. <br /> <br /> We have also reiterated that while Israel has a clear right to defend itself, it must do so within the bounds of international law. International law provides states with rights and obligations. Both are sacred.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> International humanitarian law must be respected and upheld at all times. Alleged breaches thereof must be carefully investigated. Safe and unimpeded humanitarian access must be ensured, and civilians and civilian objects, medical personnel and humanitarian workers and assets must be protected.<br /> <br /> Iceland has responded to United Nations emergency appeals with an additional contribution of 70 million ISK to UNRWA, a long-standing humanitarian partner and the lead UN agency mandated with supporting Palestine refugees. <br /> <br /> We urge other donors to step up their support to UNRWA’s critical front-line delivery of aid to the people of Gaza.<br /> <br /> Mr. President,<br /> <br /> We call on all parties to break out of this ongoing cycle of violence and work towards a sustainable political solution based on international law, relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions and agreed parameters.<br /> <br /> The international parameters for a sustainable solution to the conflict are clear. The end destination is well known, but the road itself is in serious need of reconstruction. We need a credible process towards a two-state solution, based on international law, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security, and mutual recognition.<br /> <br /> This will not be achieved while Israel continues its settlement policies in the West Bank and its blockade of Gaza. <br /> <br /> This will not be achieved while Hamas continues to use its position in Gaza to fan the flames of radicalism and wage terror on innocent civilians. <br /> This month’s tragic events in Israel and Palestine remind us once again of the urgent need to put the peace process back on track. Otherwise, we run the risk of the violence continuing and conditions deteriorating even further.<br /> <br /> Thank you.</p>

<p><span><strong>Statement by H.E. Jorundur Valtysson<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> General Assembly 78th session, 18 October 2023<br /> 26/27th Plenary Meeting of Third Committee<br /> Promotion and protection of human rights (Item 71)</strong></span></p> <p><span>&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span>Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> </span>Iceland aligns itself with the statements made by Luxembourg, Ireland and the United Kingdom - made on behalf of three separate groups of countries.<br /> <br /> At the outset, allow me also to say a few words about the horrific hostilities unfolding in Israel and Gaza. Millions of people are gravely affected. The growing number of deaths among civilians is devastating. We are appalled by the strike on Al-Ahli hospital adding further to the suffering we have witnessed in the past days.<br /> <br /> Iceland has condemned in the strongest terms the barbaric acts committed by Hamas. Terrorism can never be justified. It is clear that Israel has a right to defend itself within the bounds of international law that provides states with both rights and obligations. Both are sacred.<br /> <br /> We are deeply concerned about the risk for further escalation. International humanitarian law must be respected and upheld at all times. Breaches thereof must be carefully investigated. Safe and unimpeded humanitarian access must be ensured, and civilians and civilian objects, medical personnel and humanitarian workers and assets must be protected.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> Human rights are a key pillar of Iceland’s foreign and development policy, based on the conviction that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interrelated, interdependent and mutually reinforcing. <br /> <br /> This year we mark the 75th anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that proclaimed that everyone is born free and equal in dignity and rights, no matter their identity, beliefs, or circumstances. This milestone document is still a guiding light for our work today. <br /> <br /> Unfortunately, we are seeing challenges to many of the basic rights we thought had been secured and accepted. We are witnessing an increase in hatred and intolerance, both in the real world as well as on social media and other online platforms. Religious intolerance, violent nationalism and racism, including antisemitism and Islamophobia, are on the rise. We see signs of increasing homophobia, transphobia and biphobia. We are also witnessing increased hate speech and a pushback on the gains that have been made towards gender equality and sexual and reproductive health and rights. <br /> <br /> We must reverse and fight these trends and work together to secure the universal human rights of all people, regardless of race, religion, beliefs, disability, sexual orientation, and gender identity. We must stand up for the values of democracy, freedom, and human rights and defend the freedom of expression and assembly and tolerance for dissent as an integral part of public discourse – where we agree to disagree and fight for each other’s right to do so.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> These are some of the primary motivations behind Iceland’s decision to seek a seat on the Human Rights Council for the term 2025 to 2027, as a Nordic candidature, at the next elections in the fall of 2024. Iceland will actively contribute to the Council’s core mandate of advancing the promotion and protection of human rights around the globe and addressing human rights violations and abuses. <br /> <br /> Iceland will also continue to engage with countries from all regions of the world in an inclusive manner, recognizing the critical importance of respectful and genuine dialogue for a more efficient and effective Council. This is an important point. Member states in the Human Rights Council do not have to be perfect. None of us are. But we can all do better, and we should all aim to do so. We should not shy away from dialogue and neither shy away from calling out human rights violations, regardless of where they take place or by whom.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> Regardless of the Third committee's important work there are real heroes out there defending human rights, risking their lives and liberties by calling out injustices, standing up for democracy and equality, and speaking out against discrimination and intolerance. These brave people deserve our attention and support, especially as many of them increasingly face derision, threats and attempts to silence their voices. <br /> <br /> Especially, as this year marks the 25th anniversary of the UN Declaration on human rights defenders, we call on this Committee to reiterate its call for providing safe and enabling environment for them, and strongly condemn reprisals against those who cooperate with the UN system.<br /> <br /> Thank you.</p> <div>&nbsp;</div>

<p><span><strong>Statement by H.E. Jorundur Valtysson<br /> Permanent Representative of Iceland to the United Nations<br /> General Assembly 78th Session, 9 October 2023<br /> First Committee - General Debate</strong><br /> <br /> </span></p> <p><span>Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> At the outset, let me congratulate you and the members of the Bureau on your election and wish you well in leading the work of the First Committee. You have the full confidence and support of the Icelandic delegation. Iceland aligns itself with the statement already delivered by Denmark on behalf of the Nordic countries. Allow me to add a few remarks in my national capacity.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> Again, we meet under the dark shadow of war in Europe and intensifying and spreading conflicts in other parts of the world – as we witness now in the Middle East and, here, let me reiterate my country´s strong condemnation for the attacks of Hamas on Israel. The deterioration of the global security situation continues incessantly and with that the international arms control architecture - the very architecture that should and could have provided stability, predictability and protection for civilians in areas of conflict.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /> <br /> This gathering needs to be reminded that if peace is to prevail in this world, we must preserve and strengthen the rule-based international order and that will only be done through effective multilateralism. That a permanent member of the Security Council, a custodian of peace and security, is waging a relentless war of aggression against Ukraine, is incomprehensible. This act of pure brutality must be subject to appropriate punity.&nbsp; How can 188 member states without veto power have trust in behavior such as exercised by the Russian Federation, in blatant violation of the principles of the UN Charter and international law?<br /> <br /> Sadly, this fuels other states and groups temptation and determination to resort to the same illegal measures of violence to solve their purported grievances - and it is always the civil population, especially women and girls, that suffer most in these situations. Iceland welcomes the significant role some arms control instruments play in protecting civilians and preventing gender-based violence in conflict situations. But we must do better. Doing better would also require more participation of women in reviving, developing and implementing the global arms control architecture.<br /> <br /> The subject matter of this remarkable committee, arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, has been an integral part of global conflict resolution since the establishment of the United Nations. It has brought us success in the forms of treaties and established norms, but regrettably also failure in negotiations and implementation of these agreements. Unfortunately, this failure is presently becoming the norm, not the exception due to non-compliance and grave security challenges.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> The blatant effort to undermine arms control and disarmament is on-going and this is particularly relevant in the field of nuclear arms control, non-proliferation and nuclear safety. The nuclear rhetoric continues with the implicit threat of use of nuclear weapons. We have all witnessed how the Russian authorities, in the most irresponsible way, use their hold on the nuclear power plant at Zaporizhzhia as a threat in their illegal war on Ukraine. Iceland commends the IAEA for its critical role in sustaining nuclear safety in Ukraine.<br /> <br /> Russia’s continuous attempts to derail the important work on the implementation of the NPT Treaty, by blocking consensus at the 10th Review Conference of the treaty last year and undermining the work of the Preparatory Committee for the next NPT Review Conference in 2026, is deplorable. This destructive approach is manifested in its announcement on deployment of nuclear weapons to Belarus - a State that had previously given up its nuclear arsenal. This is a travesty.<br /> <br /> Now we are witnessing the same signs of undermining the successful Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty where the Russian authorities are raising the possibility of withdrawing its ratification. In addition, the illegal and dangerous nuclear program of the DPRK is sheltered by two of the P5 states - paralyzing all efforts by the Security Council to act on this rogue behavior, contravening various Security Council resolutions and international law. The DPRK must return to compliance with its international obligations, in particular the NPT and IAEA Safeguards Arrangements and the CTBT.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty must continue to fulfil its crucial role in nuclear disarmament and in preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons while at the same time safeguarding the benefits of nuclear technology for civilian use. Any attempts to undermine the Treaty must cease.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> Considering the many negative developments in the nuclear field, the urgency of commencing negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty becomes more urgent to tackle the growing risks of nuclear proliferation. There is also an urgent need to see revival of nuclear arms control efforts among the nuclear powers where the participation of China - with the fastest growing number of nuclear weapons - is an absolute necessity.<br /> <br /> Iceland stands firm behind the Chemical Weapons Convention and strongly supports the role of the OPCW and its ongoing investigative efforts, which are guided by strong integrity, impartiality, and outstanding expertise. Perpetrators of the use of chemical weapons must be held accountable.&nbsp;<br /> <br /> Iceland supports stronger efforts to counter the increased vulnerability of the international community to biological threats - a vulnerability brought to fore with the recent pandemic. Last year, the 9th Review Conference of the Biological Weapons Convention made some progress with the establishment of a working group for the purpose of strengthening the implementation of the treaty. This step forward must be sustained and reinforced.<br /> <br /> Mr. Chair,<br /> <br /> As in past years, weapons of mass destruction remain at the center of our attention. The risk of their use has grown with military action and political rhetoric of some States present in this room. However, it is critical not to lose sight of the importance to preserve, universalize, and develop treaties and initiatives in the sphere of conventional weapons as the number of conflicts in every corner of the world continues to grow.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /> <br /> The illicit trade in small arms and light weapons continues to undermine peace, development, and human rights and create immense human suffering. We call on all UN member states to join the Arms Trade Treaty. The effective implementation of the Treaty and the Programme of Action on small arms is another key to reversing this negative trend.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /> &nbsp;<br /> Mr Chair,&nbsp;<br /> <br /> The immense leap forward in technological advancement is raising many new challenges for global security.&nbsp; States, non-state actors and even individuals now have access to technologies and informational aids that we only used to read about in science fiction literature. How stakeholders confront the military application and armament proliferation in the era of artificial intelligence will have long term consequences for global security. The use of artificial intelligence begs some serious questions that will demand close multilateral cooperation to avoid the very real risk of this technology becoming the tool of destruction rather than creation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /> <br /> This risk is valid in all the new avenues that we have opened in the field of arms control, non-proliferation or disarmament. Whether it is open, free, secure and safe cyberspace in the form of a Programme of Action for advancing Responsible State Behavior in Cyberspace; whether it is lethal autonomous weapons systems or preventing arms race in outer space, it is critical that this work contributes to strengthen international peace and security - and is solidly grounded in the UN Charter and international law.<br /> &nbsp;<br /> Mr Chair,<br /> <br /> Despite continuous efforts to undermine the international arms control and disarmament regime, Iceland hopes for concrete results from the work of the Committee. As we embark upon substantial preparation for the Pact for the Future, to be adopted next year, it is important to have strong input from the First Committee. Arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament will be an important pillar of such a Future Pact as a primary tool for prevention in service of international peace and security.<br /> <br /> Thank you.&nbsp;<br /> </span></p> <div>&nbsp;</div>